To get everyone on the same level, Destructive Wrath is a Tempest Cleric skill that they get at level 2. (PHB p. 62)
"Starting at 2nd level, you can use your Channel Divinity to wield the power of the storm with unchecked ferocity.
When you roll lightning or thunder damage, you can use your Channel Divinity to deal maximum damage, instead of rolling."
At least for me it seems pretty clear cut that to hit is thrown before the damage is rolled. So for ranged attacks that do damage after they hit, you would know if they hit or not before you use DW to max the damage. It becomes a bit harder to read the RAW of spells that have saving throws that alter the effect of the damage. Example from Shatter spell:
“A creature takes 3d8 thunder damage on a failed save, or half as much damage on a successful one.” (PHB p. 275)
Wording would make you think that the save needs to be rolled before the damage is rolled as the damage is something that happens after the saving throw. Do the players get to act on rolls that can be made so that the players don’t see them? In CoS the players see most of the enemy rolls. Then again, the damage needs to be already happening when the enemies are going to resist it for one to know if they are going to resist it or not.
It’s also pretty common just to roll the damage and then everyone under the effect rolls the save. This is also true for players. A good example is poison damage that is halved by a saving throw. The players usually get to see how much they are taking poison damage before they decide if they want to use inspiration or any other means. This would mean that to be in line with every other saving throw that is triggered by damage you would use the DW before you see if they save or not.
In short, IMHO you get to roll to hit rolls before you activate DW, but to keep things working as they have been doing before one rolls the damage before they see the saving throws.